Livelihood transformation of tribal women in mining regions: a critical review of multinational conglomerates in Jajpur district of Odisha

Abstract

One of India’s most socioeconomically deprived communities is the tribal community which continues to face obstacles in every sphere of their life, predominately in the areas of development, employability, education, mobility and market access etc. in the last nine or ten years Skill Development programs has been an essential tactics or strategy to support tribal women’s social and economic inclusion, boost income and facilitate sustainable livelihoods. To determine the relevance, efficiency, difficulties and effects of livelihood transformation of ‘Tribal Women’ in mining regions and the role of multinational conglomerates is the main aim of this paper. Jajpur District has a lot of minerals and mining led industrialization which has encouraged regional economic growth, yet it has equally weakened traditional livelihoods, resulting in displacement, health issues and socio-economic vulnerability. This review paper critically analyses the role of multinational conglomerates, initiative in promoting economic self-sufficiency among tribal women. The study employs methodical and analytical examination of current literature, utilizing academic research, governmental reports and policy documents pertaining to mining industries, gender equality and tribal development. The analysis shows that multinational conglomerates have helped tribal women’s small-scale business for their own company’s advertisement and promotion.