The effectiveness of loyalty programs in the hospitality and travel industry

Authors

  • Dr. Garima Mishra Assistant Professor, Apex University, Jaipur (Raj.) Author

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.67497/ijrip.1.2.56

Keywords:

Loyalty Programs, Customer Loyalty, Hospitality Industry, Travel Industry, Customer Satisfaction, Perceived Program Value, Behavioral Loyalty

Abstract

Background: Loyalty programs have become a cornerstone of customer retention strategies in the hospitality and travel industry. Despite their ubiquitous adoption, evidence on their effectiveness in generating genuine, long-term customer loyalty as distinct from mere repeat purchase behavior driven by reward incentives - remains mixed. This study examines the effectiveness of loyalty programs in the hospitality and travel industry, with a focus on perceived program value, customer satisfaction, behavioral loyalty, emotional attachment, and the moderating role of switching barriers.

Methods: A cross-sectional quantitative survey was administered to 145 loyalty program members across hotel and airline sectors. Data were collected using a structured, self-administered questionnaire based on a five-point Likert scale. Descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation analysis, and multiple linear regression were employed to analyze relationships between study constructs.

Results: Loyalty program participation was positively and significantly associated with repeat purchase behavior (r = 0.61, p < 0.001), customer satisfaction (r = 0.57, p < 0.001), and brand advocacy (r = 0.49, p < 0.001). Perceived value of the program was the strongest predictor of behavioral loyalty (β = 0.52, p < 0.001), followed by emotional attachment (β = 0.38, p < 0.001). Switching barriers moderated the relationship between program satisfaction and loyalty. However, approximately 43% of enrolled members demonstrated low engagement and benefit utilization, indicating a persistent gap between enrollment and active participation.

Conclusion: Loyalty programs are effective in driving repeat purchase behavior when they are designed around perceived value, personalized reward structures, and emotional engagement strategies. Programs that rely solely on transactional incentives demonstrate weaker long-term customer retention. Industry stakeholders are encouraged to invest in post-stay engagement, benefit communication, and behavioral segmentation to maximize program returns.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Ajzen, I. (1991). The theory of planned behavior. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 50(2), 179–211. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/0749-5978(91)90020-T

Blau, P. M. (1964). Exchange and power in social life. Wiley.

CBRE Hotels Research. (2025). Hotel loyalty programs continue to prove their value: Key findings from 675 million members. CBRE. Retrieved from https://www.cbre.com

Chau, K. Y., & Shen, H. (2016). Assessing the effects of switching costs on perceived values and brand loyalty: The impact of customers' perceived authenticity in the hotel sector. International Journal of Business and Management, 12(1), 84–94. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5539/ijbm.v12n1p84

Dolnicar, S., Grabler, K., Grün, B., & Kulnig, A. (2011). Key drivers of airline loyalty. Tourism Management, 32(5), 1020–1026. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2010.08.014

Dowling, G. R., & Uncles, M. (1997). Do customer loyalty programs really work? Sloan Management Review, 38(4), 71–82.

Henderson, C. M., Beck, J. T., & Palmatier, R. W. (2011). Review of the theoretical underpinnings of loyalty programs. Journal of Consumer Psychology, 21(3), 256–276. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcps.2011.02.007

Kahneman, D., Knetsch, J. L., & Thaler, R. H. (1991). Anomalies: The endowment effect, loss aversion, and status quo bias. Journal of Economic Perspectives, 5(1), 193–206. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1257/jep.5.1.193

Kim, M., Vogt, C., & Knutson, B. (2015). Are loyalty program members more loyal than nonmembers? Grand Valley State University Hospitality Review. Retrieved from https://scholarworks.gvsu.edu

Kivetz, R., Urminsky, O., & Zheng, Y. (2006). The goal-gradient hypothesis resurrected: Purchase acceleration, illusionary goal progress, and customer retention. Journal of Marketing Research, 43(1), 39–58. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1509/jmkr.43.1.39

Koo, B., Yu, J., & Han, H. (2020). The role of loyalty programs in boosting hotel guest loyalty: Impact of switching barriers. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 84, 102328. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2019.102328

KPMG. (2024). The evolution of loyalty programs: Charting the future of customer engagement and retention through the travel, leisure, and hospitality industry. KPMG International. Retrieved from https://kpmg.com

Lee, J. J., Capella, M. L., Taylor, C. R., & Gabler, C. B. (2014). The financial impact of loyalty programs in the hotel industry: A social exchange theory perspective. Journal of Business Research, 67(10), 2139-2146. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2014.04.023

Hua, N., Wei, W., L. DeFranco, A., & Wang, D. (2018). Do loyalty programs really matter for hotel operational and financial performance?. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 30(5), 2195-2213. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/IJCHM-12-2016-0643

Hikkerova, L. (2011). The effectiveness of loyalty programs: an application in the hospitality industry. International Journal of Business, 16(2), 150.

Fathy, E., & Zidan, H. (2017). Do loyalty program in the airline and hotel industries affect customer satisfaction and loyalty?. International Journal of Heritage, Tourism and Hospitality, 11(3 (Special Issue)), 246-266. DOI: https://doi.org/10.21608/ijhth.2017.30233

Song, T. H., Kim, S. Y., & Ko, W. L. (2017). Developing an effective loyalty program using goal-gradient behavior in tourism industry. Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing, 34(1), 70-81. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/10548408.2015.1130110

Koo, B., Yu, J., & Han, H. (2020). The role of loyalty programs in boosting hotel guest loyalty: Impact of switching barriers. International journal of hospitality Management, 84, 102328. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2019.102328

Bravo, R., Catalán, S., & Pina, J. M. (2023). The impact of gamified loyalty programmes on customer engagement behaviours. A hotel industry application. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Technology, 14(5), 925-940. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/JHTT-02-2022-0033

Elgarhy, S. D. (2023). Effects of service quality, loyalty programs, pricing strategies, and customer engagement on firms’ performance in Egyptian travel agencies: Mediating effects of customer retention. Journal of Quality Assurance in Hospitality & Tourism, 24(6), 753-781. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/1528008X.2022.2077889

Gubíniová, K., Moller, T. R., Treľová, S., & Jarossová, M. A. (2023). Loyalty programmes and their specifics in the chinese hospitality industry—Qualitative study. Administrative Sciences, 13(6), 152. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/admsci13060152

Kalgi D, Hire J. Loyalty Programs: The Important Factor of Success for Hospitality Industry. Current Scenario in Science and Technology, Environment, Agriculture, Health, Water Resources, Social Science, Literature & Industrial. 2024 Oct 8:84.

Yüksek, G., & Yozcu, Ö. K. (2016). Usage of e-loyalty programs in hospitality industry. In e-Consumers in the Era of New Tourism (pp. 35-51). Singapore: Springer Singapore. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-0087-4_3

Ladeira, W. J., Lim, W. M., de Oliveira Santini, F., Rasul, T., Rice, J. L., & Azhar, M. (2025). Fostering conative loyalty in tourism and hospitality loyalty programs: An eye-tracking experiment of reward timing, fairness perception, and visual attention. Tourism Recreation Research, 50(5), 1110-1126. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/02508281.2024.2369487

Downloads

Published

14.07.2026

Data Availability Statement

Not applicable

Issue

Section

Articles

Deprecated: json_decode(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($json) of type string is deprecated in /home/u204019262/domains/theglobalpublishers.org/public_html/journals/plugins/generic/citations/CitationsPlugin.php on line 68

How to Cite

The effectiveness of loyalty programs in the hospitality and travel industry. (2026). International Journal of Research, Innovation and Practice, 1(2), 102-111. https://doi.org/10.67497/ijrip.1.2.56

Similar Articles

You may also start an advanced similarity search for this article.